What is a strings in PHP explain string functions with example.

PHP string is a sequence of characters i.e., used to store and manipulate text. PHP supports only 256-character sets and so it does not offer native Unicode support. There are 4 ways to specify a string literal in PHP.

We can create a string in PHP by enclosing the text in a single-quote. It is the easiest way to specify strings in PHP.

For specifying a literal single quote, escape it with a backslash (\) and to specify a literal backslash (\) use double backslash (\\). All the other instances with backslash such as \r or \n, will be output the same as they specified instead of having any special meaning.

Example

<?php  

       $str=’Hello text within single quote’;  

       echo $str;  

?> 

Output

Hello text within single quote

String Function Examples

strtolower() function

The strtolower() function returns a string in lowercase letters.

Syntax

string strtolower ( string $string )  

Example

<?php  

$str=”My name is Parmeshwar”;  

$str=strtolower($str);  

echo $str;  

?>  

Output:

my name is parmeshwar

strtoupper() function

The strtoupper() function returns a string in uppercase letter.

Syntax

string strtoupper ( string $string )  

Example

<?php  

$str=”My name is Parmeshwar”;  

$str=strtoupper($str);  

echo $str;  

?>  

Output:

MY NAME IS PARMESWAR

ucfirst() function

The ucfirst() function returns a string converting first character into uppercase. It doesn’t change the case of other characters.

Syntax

string ucfirst ( string $str )  

Example

<?php  

$str=”my name is PARMESWAR”;  

$str=ucfirst($str);  

echo $str;  

?>  

Output:

My name is PARMESWAR

lcfirst() function

The lcfirst() function returns a string converting the first character into lowercase. It doesn’t change the case of other characters.

Syntax

string lcfirst ( string $str )  

Example

<?php  

$str=”MY name IS Parmeshwar”;  

$str=lcfirst($str);  

echo $str;  

?>  

Output:

mY name IS Parmeshwar

ucwords() function

The ucwords() function returns a string converting the first character of each word into uppercase.

Syntax

string ucwords ( string $str )  

Example

<?php  

$str=”my name is Parmeshwar kuril”;  

$str=ucwords($str);  

echo $str;  

?>  

Output:

My Name Is Parmeshwar Kuril